What are the True Benefits of a Dual Class Share Structure?

While the main benefits of dual-class structures often revolve around founder control and long-term focus, there are indeed other potential advantages to consider:

Increased Efficiency in Decision-Making: With a smaller group holding significant voting power, decision-making processes can be faster and more streamlined. This can be particularly advantageous for startups and agile companies needing to adapt quickly to market changes.

Attract Investors with Different Risk Appetites: Dual-class structures can attract two distinct types of investors: those seeking higher voting power and control alongside potentially higher risks, and those who prioritize lower voting power but potentially more stable and predictable returns. This diversification can benefit the company by bringing in a wider range of capital and expertise.

Enhanced Focus on Innovation: As founders and management hold more control, they can direct resources towards long-term innovative projects that may not immediately yield profits, potentially leading to breakthroughs and competitive advantages in the future.

Protection Against Activist Investors: The entrenched control by founders can offer a shield against short-termist activist investors who might push for decisions that prioritize immediate financial gains over long-term value creation.

Improved Shareholder Alignment: If super-voting shares are distributed strategically to key executives and senior leadership, their interests become more closely aligned with those of the overall shareholder base, potentially leading to better decision-making in the long run.

Global Competitiveness: Dual-class structures are more common in certain countries like the US and China, where public markets might be less forgiving of long-term investment strategies. This can give companies from these regions a competitive edge when facing companies from jurisdictions with a stricter one-share-one-vote approach.

However, it’s crucial to remember that these potential benefits are not guaranteed and depend on various factors like the specific design of the dual-class structure, the company’s governance practices, and the overall market context. As with any business decision, weighing the potential benefits and drawbacks with careful consideration is key before implementing a dual-class structure.

How to Find Fidelity Funds with Dividends

Investors seeking reliable income and potential capital appreciation often turn to dividend-paying funds. Fidelity Investments, a renowned financial services company, offers a range of funds that provide regular dividend payouts. Here’s a step-by-step guide on how to find Fidelity funds with dividends:

  1. Visit the Fidelity Investments website or log in to your Fidelity account.
  2. Navigate to the “Research” or “Investment” section of the website.
  3. Use the search or filter options to narrow down the fund choices. Look for options that specifically mention dividends or income generation.
  4. Check the fund’s profile and prospectus for details on dividend history, frequency, and yield. This information will help you evaluate the fund’s dividend-paying capabilities.
  5. Consider the fund’s investment objective, risk profile, and expense ratio. It’s important to choose funds that align with your investment goals and risk tolerance.
  6. Review the fund’s performance over different time periods. Look for consistent dividend payments and a track record of generating returns.
  7. Pay attention to the fund’s dividend distribution dates. Some funds distribute dividends annually, while others pay out quarterly or monthly.
  8. Take into account any fees or minimum investment requirements associated with the fund. Ensure that the expenses are reasonable and fit within your investment plan.
  9. Consider seeking professional advice from a financial advisor or consultant who can provide personalized guidance based on your financial situation and goals.

Remember, investing in dividend-paying funds involves risks, including the potential for fluctuations in market value and changes in dividend payments. Conduct thorough research and consider your own investment objectives before making any investment decisions.

Fidelity offers a wide range of funds with dividends, catering to varying investment preferences and risk appetites. By following the steps outlined above, you can find Fidelity funds that align with your investment goals and provide a steady stream of income through dividends.

5 MUST-read Books on Psychology and Decision-Making

Here are 5 MUST-read Books on Psychology and Decision-Making:

1. Rationality by Steven Pinker

2. Psychology and the Stock Market by David Dreman

A classic from 1977. One of the first books to explain the relationship between psychology and investing.

3. Thinking, Fast and Slow by Daniel Kahneman

The bible of human decision-making covering all sorts of Biases, Heuristics, and Decision-Making Flaws.

4. The Art of Thinking Clearly by Ralf Dobelli

We lose track of the essential things and focus on unimportant shiny news all the time. Learn how to avoid that.

5. Think Again by Adam Grant

You’ll make mistakes in investing. It’s important to recognise them early. This book teaches you how to pursue reconsideration and question your existing beliefs.

What is PennyMac Mortgage Investment Trust (PMT) REIT

PennyMac Mortgage Investment Trust (PMT), traded on the New York Stock Exchange as PMT, is a publicly traded real estate investment trust (REIT) in the United States. Here’s a breakdown of what they do:

What they invest in:

  • Primarily residential mortgage loans: PMT buys and sells mortgages of various types, focusing on loans used for purchasing homes.
  • Mortgage-related assets: This includes securities created from pools of mortgages (mortgage-backed securities) and investments related to loan defaults (credit risk transfer structures).

Their goal:

  • Provide attractive risk-adjusted returns to shareholders: This means they aim to invest in a way that balances potential profit with managing risk, ultimately delivering steady income to their investors.
  • Two main ways they achieve this:
    • Dividends: They distribute a portion of their profits to shareholders regularly, typically as quarterly payments.
    • Capital appreciation: Ideally, the value of their investments will increase over time, leading to a higher share price and further profit for shareholders when they sell their shares.

Key things to know about PMT:

  • Founded in 2008, headquartered in California.
  • Focuses on the US residential mortgage market.
  • Managed by PennyMac Financial Services (PFSI).
  • Market capitalization of approximately $5.6 billion (as of October 2023).
  • Risks: Like any investment, PMT is subject to risks associated with the mortgage market, interest rates, and the overall economy.

Who might be interested in PMT:

  • Investors seeking income: The regular dividend payments can be attractive for those wanting consistent returns.
  • Investors with longer-term goals: Capital appreciation over time can potentially bring additional profits.
  • Investors comfortable with moderate risk: While PMT manages risk, the mortgage market and broader economy can fluctuate, affecting their investments.

Why Are Musicians and Labels Choosing RouteNote over Other Distributors?

Musicians choose RouteNote for a variety of reasons, often depending on their individual needs and priorities. Here are some of the key factors that might draw them to RouteNote:

Free distribution: RouteNote offers completely free basic distribution to a vast network of digital stores and streaming platforms, including Spotify, Apple Music, Deezer, and TikTok. This is particularly appealing for beginner and independent musicians who might not have a large budget for music promotion.

High royalty share: RouteNote keeps a lower percentage of royalties compared to some other distributors (85% for free distribution, 100% for Premium plan). This means musicians keep more of their earnings for each stream or download.

Wide store reach: RouteNote distributes to a very large number of platforms, both major and niche, giving musicians the potential to reach a wider audience globally. This can be helpful for expanding their fanbase and generating more income.

Transparency and user-friendly platform: RouteNote has a reputation for being transparent with their fees and royalties, and their platform is considered user-friendly and easy to navigate. This makes it easier for musicians to manage their music distribution without needing technical expertise.

Additional features: RouteNote offers various optional features like pre-saves on Spotify, YouTube Content ID monetization, release scheduling, and advanced analytics. These can be helpful for musicians who want to further promote their music and gain insights into their audience.

Free vs. Premium options: RouteNote provides both a free and a Premium service. The free plan is suitable for basic needs, while the Premium plan offers additional features and higher royalty share for a monthly fee. This flexibility allows musicians to choose the option that best suits their budget and goals.

Has Distrokid Recently Increased Their Prices for Musicians?

Yes, DistroKid did recently increase their prices. All subscription tiers saw an increase between 11% and 15%. Some examples of the new prices include:

  • Musician plan: $22.99/year (previously $19.99/year)
  • Musician Plus plan: $39.99/year (previously $35.99/year)
  • Ultimate plan (5 bands/artists): $89.99/year (previously $79.99/year)

The price increase happened quietly sometime in late December 2023/early January 2024. Existing users with active subscriptions at the time of the increase are not affected and will continue to pay the original price until their renewal date.

How Does Mastercard Actually Make Money?

MasterCard doesn’t make money directly from consumers using their cards. Instead, they generate revenue through several key channels:

1. Assessments: This is the main source of income, accounting for roughly 28% of Mastercard’s revenue. Assessment fees are charged to financial institutions that issue Mastercard-branded cards based on the gross dollar volume (GDV) of transactions made using those cards. The higher the GDV, the higher the fee.

2. Transaction fees: This accounts for about 34% of their revenue. These are small fees charged to merchants every time a Mastercard is used for a purchase. This fee is typically a percentage of the transaction amount and a fixed fee.

3. Cross-border fees: When a Mastercard is used in a different country than the one where it was issued, additional fees are charged, contributing around 23% of Mastercard’s revenue. These fees cover currency conversion and other costs associated with cross-border transactions.

4. Other revenue: This includes smaller sources of income like data analytics services, consulting fees, and licensing fees for Mastercard technology.

VinFast Investing in India with a new $2 billion EV Plan

VinFast, the electric vehicle manufacturer from Vietnam, has announced its plans to invest an initial $500 million to establish an integrated facility in India and enter the world’s third-largest automobile market.

Through a memorandum of understanding with the state government of Tamil Nadu, VinFast intends to invest up to $2 billion, although no specific timeframe has been provided.

Construction of the facility in Thoothukudi, with a potential annual capacity of 150,000 units, is expected to begin this year. This project is projected to create 3,000-3,500 job opportunities.

Can I use Notion as my Blog or Blogging Tool of Choice?

Yes, you can use Notion as your blog. Notion’s flexibility and powerful features make it a suitable platform for creating and managing a blog. Here are some of the advantages of using Notion for your blog:

  1. Ease of Use: Notion’s intuitive interface and drag-and-drop functionality make it easy to create and manage your blog content, even if you have limited technical expertise.
  2. Organization: Notion’s robust organization features allow you to categorize, tag, and filter your blog posts, making it simple to keep your content organized and easily searchable.
  3. Customizable Templates: Notion offers a variety of blog templates that you can customize to match your style and branding. You can also create your own templates from scratch.
  4. Rich Content Support: Notion supports a wide range of content formats, including text, images, videos, code snippets, and more. This allows you to create engaging and visually appealing blog posts.
  5. Collaborations: Notion’s collaborative features enable you to work on your blog with other writers or editors seamlessly.
  6. Integration with Other Tools: Notion integrates well with other tools, such as calendars, project management software, and social media platforms, streamlining your workflow.
  7. No Coding Required: Unlike traditional blogging platforms, Notion doesn’t require any coding knowledge, making it accessible to everyone.
  8. Cost-Effective: Notion offers a free plan that includes enough features to create and manage a basic blog. You can also upgrade to paid plans for additional features and storage.

While Notion may not offer all the advanced features of dedicated blogging platforms like WordPress or Ghost, it provides a user-friendly and versatile solution for creating and managing a blog. It’s particularly well-suited for individuals or small teams who want a simple and customizable platform for their blogging needs.

Here are some additional tips for using Notion as your blog:

  1. Create a Blog Database: Use Notion’s database feature to organize your blog posts. Add properties for post title, author, date, tags, and other relevant information.
  2. Craft Blog Post Templates: Design templates for your blog posts, including title, author, date, body text, images, and any other desired elements.
  3. Embed Content: Utilize Notion’s embedding features to seamlessly integrate images, videos, and other multimedia content into your blog posts.
  4. Optimize for Search: Use Notion’s tagging and search functionality to ensure your blog posts are easily searchable within your workspace and externally through search engines.
  5. Promote Your Blog: Share your Notion blog posts on social media, email newsletters, and other online channels to reach a wider audience.
  6. Leverage Notion’s Ecosystem: Explore Notion’s community templates, integrations, and third-party tools to enhance your blogging experience.

Notion Q&A AI Explained and the Benefits

Notion Q&A is a powerful AI-powered feature that allows you to ask questions and get instant answers from your Notion workspace. It utilizes natural language processing to understand your questions and provide comprehensive responses based on the information contained within your pages, databases, and other Notion content.

Here’s how Notion Q&A works:

  1. Ask a Question: Simply type your question into the Q&A sidebar or the search bar at the top of your Notion workspace.
  2. Understand Your Intent: Notion AI analyzes your question to grasp the underlying intent and identify relevant information sources within your workspace.
  3. Gather Information: Notion Q&A scans your Notion pages, databases, and other content to gather relevant information related to your query.
  4. Synthesize and Respond: Notion AI synthesizes the gathered information and generates a comprehensive and informative answer to your question.
  5. Continuous Improvement: Notion AI continuously learns and improves its ability to answer questions based on user feedback and interactions.

Notion Q&A offers several benefits, including:

  1. Instant Answers: Gain immediate insights and answers to your questions without having to manually search through your Notion workspace.
  2. Contextual Understanding: Notion AI understands the context of your questions and provides answers tailored to the specific information in your workspace.
  3. Comprehensive Responses: Receive detailed and informative answers that go beyond simple keyword matches.
  4. Uncover Hidden Insights: Discover connections and relationships within your data that you might not have noticed otherwise.
  5. Empower Knowledge Management: Facilitate effective knowledge management and organization within your Notion workspace.

Notion Q&A is currently in beta testing and is gradually rolling out to Notion users. It is expected to become a widely adopted feature due to its potential to enhance productivity and knowledge discovery within Notion workspaces.

How Many People Still Use Techmeme for Reading Daily Tech News

Yes, Techmeme is still widely used by technology professionals and enthusiasts to stay up-to-date on the latest news and trends in the industry. It is considered to be a highly respected and influential source of information, and its headlines are often cited by other media outlets.

Here are some reasons why people continue to use Techmeme:

  • Its unique approach to aggregating news: Techmeme does not simply collect links to articles from other websites. Instead, it uses an algorithm to rank stories based on their importance, which is determined by factors such as the number of links to the story and the reputation of the sources. This approach helps to ensure that users see the most relevant and important news first.
  • Its strong editorial voice: Techmeme’s editors are experts in the technology industry, and they use their expertise to provide insights and context to the news. They also have a knack for identifying and highlighting important trends that other media outlets may miss.
  • Its focus on breaking news: Techmeme is one of the first places to break news about important developments in the technology industry. This is because its editors are constantly monitoring a wide range of sources, and they are quick to identify and surface newsworthy stories.

As a result of these factors, Techmeme remains a valuable resource for anyone who wants to stay informed about the technology industry. It is a must-read for technology professionals, and it is also a popular source of information for technology enthusiasts and general readers.

Here are some statistics that illustrate Techmeme’s popularity:

  • Techmeme has over 1 million daily visitors.
  • Techmeme’s stories are shared over 1 million times on social media each day.
  • Techmeme is cited by over 1,000 media outlets each day.

How Big is YouTube at the Moment? How Many Active Monthly Users?

YouTube is a massive platform with a vast reach and impact on the global landscape. Here are some key metrics that demonstrate its scale:

  • User Base: YouTube boasts over 2.5 billion monthly active users, making it the second most visited website after Google Search. This vast user base spans over 100 countries, reflecting the platform’s global reach and popularity.
  • Video Consumption: Users collectively watch over one billion hours of video content on YouTube every day. This translates to an average of 13 hours of video consumption per user per month.
  • Content Volume: The sheer volume of content on YouTube is staggering. Over 500 hours of new video content are uploaded to the platform every minute. This equates to an estimated 720,000 hours of video uploaded daily.
  • Revenue: YouTube’s revenue in 2022 reached $29.2 billion, highlighting its commercial significance and the value it generates for content creators and advertisers.
  • Economic Impact: YouTube has a substantial impact on the global economy, creating jobs and generating revenue for creators, businesses, and the broader digital advertising ecosystem.

These metrics paint a picture of YouTube as a colossal platform with a profound impact on the way people consume and create video content. Its vast user base, immense video consumption, and significant financial impact solidify its position as a leading force in the digital landscape.

Who is Bret Taylor? Named as a Person Wanted for OpenAI Board


Bret Taylor is an American computer programmer and entrepreneur. He is the co-founder of FriendFeed and Quip, and served as the CEO of Google Maps, Facebook, and Salesforce. He currently serves as a board member of Shopify.

Here’s a timeline of his major achievements:

  • 2003: Graduated from Stanford University with a bachelor’s degree in computer science.
  • 2004: Joined Google as a product manager, where he helped to develop Google Maps.
  • 2008: Left Google to co-found FriendFeed, a social media aggregation platform.
  • 2009: FriendFeed was acquired by Facebook for $50 million. Taylor joined Facebook as CTO.
  • 2012: Left Facebook to co-found Quip, a document collaboration platform.
  • 2016: Quip was acquired by Salesforce for $750 million. Taylor joined Salesforce as COO.
  • 2017: Became CEO of Salesforce.
  • 2022: Stepped down as CEO of Salesforce to join Twitter as chairman of the board.
  • 2023: Left Twitter after it was acquired by Elon Musk.

Taylor is a well-respected figure in the tech industry. He is known for his intelligence, his vision, and his commitment to creating a better world through technology. He is also a prolific author and speaker, and he has written widely on the topics of technology, business, and leadership.

What are the 10 best ways that Cloudflare can Help your Company

Cloudflare is a cloud services company that offers a variety of products and services to help businesses protect and optimize their websites and applications. Here are 10 of the best ways that Cloudflare can help your company:

  1. Protect your website from DDoS attacks. Cloudflare offers a powerful DDoS protection service that can help to protect your website from large-scale attacks that can overwhelm your servers and take your site offline.
  2. Improve your website’s performance. Cloudflare’s content delivery network (CDN) can help to improve your website’s performance by caching your website’s content closer to your users, which can reduce load times and improve user experience.
  3. Secure your website with Cloudflare’s web application firewall (WAF). Cloudflare’s WAF can help to protect your website from a variety of threats, such as SQL injection, cross-site scripting (XSS), and other common web vulnerabilities.
  4. Optimize your website for mobile devices. Cloudflare’s mobile optimization service can help to improve the performance of your website on mobile devices by optimizing your website’s code and design for smaller screens and slower networks.
  5. Get insights into your website’s traffic. Cloudflare offers a variety of analytics tools that can help you to get insights into your website’s traffic, such as page views, visitor demographics, and traffic sources.
  6. Manage your DNS records. Cloudflare can help you to manage your DNS records, which are the records that tell computers how to find your website. This can help to improve your website’s uptime and availability.
  7. Enable automatic SSL encryption. Cloudflare can help you to enable automatic SSL encryption for your website, which can help to protect your users’ data from being intercepted by third parties.
  8. Protect your email from phishing attacks. Cloudflare offers a service that can help to protect your email from phishing attacks, which are attempts to trick users into revealing sensitive information, such as passwords or credit card numbers.
  9. Provide a bot mitigation service Cloudflare offers a bot mitigation service that can help to protect your website from automated bots, which can consume resources and slow down your website.
  10. Help you comply with data privacy regulations. Cloudflare offers a variety of tools and services that can help you to comply with data privacy regulations, such as the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and the California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA).

These are just a few of the many ways that Cloudflare can help your company. With its wide range of products and services, Cloudflare can help businesses of all sizes to protect and optimize their websites and applications.

In 1983, Buffett wrote down 13 owner-related business principles explaining Berkshire’s Approach – what are they

In 1983, Warren Buffett wrote down 13 owner-related business principles outlining Berkshire Hathaway’s approach to investing and business management. These principles, which remain relevant today, provide a framework for making sound decisions that prioritize long-term shareholder value.

  1. Own a diversified group of businesses that generate cash and consistently earn above-average returns on capital.

This principle emphasizes the importance of diversification to reduce risk and the pursuit of businesses that can generate consistent and sustainable profits.

  1. Avoid management that is obsessed with meeting short-term earnings targets.

Buffett advocates for a long-term focus, prioritizing decisions that enhance the intrinsic value of the company over short-term financial gains.

  1. Avoid companies with bloated balance sheets and excessive debt.

Financial prudence is essential, and excessive debt can hinder a company’s flexibility and ability to withstand economic downturns.

  1. Seek managers who are passionate about their businesses and put shareholders’ interests first.

Effective management is crucial, and aligning the interests of management with those of shareholders ensures long-term value creation.

  1. Don’t make acquisitions to simply increase size or diversify into unrelated businesses.

Acquisitions should be driven by strategic opportunities that enhance the overall value of Berkshire Hathaway.

  1. Don’t overpay for businesses, even if they appear to be attractive.

Disciplined valuation is paramount, and acquiring businesses at inflated prices can erode shareholder value.

  1. Be patient and willing to wait for the right opportunities to arise.

Investing requires patience and discipline, and rushing into decisions can lead to suboptimal outcomes.

  1. Communicate openly and honestly with shareholders.

Transparency and clear communication foster trust and confidence among shareholders.

  1. Behave as partners, not masters, to your shareholders.

Berkshire Hathaway views shareholders as partners in its success, aligning its actions with their interests.

  1. Don’t let your emotions dictate your investment decisions.

Sound investment decisions are based on rational analysis, not emotional impulses.

  1. Remember that the stock market is a tool, not a gambling machine.

The stock market should be used as a means to acquire ownership in valuable businesses, not as a venue for speculative trading.

  1. Understand that stock prices can be irrational in the short term.

Market fluctuations can be unpredictable, and investors should focus on the long-term intrinsic value of businesses.

  1. Always strive to make decisions that will protect and enhance Berkshire Hathaway’s intrinsic value.

Every decision should be evaluated based on its impact on the company’s long-term value and its ability to deliver superior returns to shareholders.

These 13 owner-related business principles provide valuable insights into Warren Buffett’s investment philosophy and Berkshire Hathaway’s approach to business. By adhering to these principles, investors can make informed decisions that prioritize long-term value creation and sustainable financial success.

Who is the Current CEO of Quora and Board Member of OpenAI?

Adam D’Angelo is the current CEO of Quora. He co-founded the question-and-answer website in 2009 with former Facebook employee Charlie Cheever. D’Angelo served as Quora’s first CEO until 2014, when he stepped down to become the company’s CTO. He returned to the CEO role in 2016.

D’Angelo is a graduate of Phillips Exeter Academy and the California Institute of Technology, where he earned a Bachelor of Science degree in computer science. Prior to co-founding Quora, D’Angelo worked as a software engineer at Facebook from 2004 to 2008.

Under D’Angelo’s leadership, Quora has grown to become one of the world’s most popular question-and-answer websites, with over 300 million monthly visitors. The site has been praised for its high-quality content and its community of experts, who provide answers to a wide range of questions.

D’Angelo is a member of the board of directors of OpenAI, a non-profit research company that promotes friendly artificial intelligence. He is also a co-founder of Edge.org, a website that publishes essays and interviews on a variety of topics.